If the 20th century was largely about improving safety and performance in the motor car, the 21st century and the rise of electric vehicles have added efficiency as a third pillar. Volkswagen was an early mover in this area, unveiling its 1-Liter concept in 2002. The tiny, cigar-shaped car used a diesel engine and consumed just a little over one liter of fuel per 100 kilometers, equivalent to roughly 237 mpg.
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